OVERVIEW

  • The elbow serves to position the hand in space.
  • The muscles acting here are often denervated in brachial plexus and proximal peripheral nerve injury patterns.
  • With dysfunction at the elbow, the upper extremity cannot be properly positioned in space to perform normal functions even if normal hand or other distal function is preserved.
  • Restoration of elbow movement must be a priority in peripheral nerve injury patients.

Structures of the Elbow

Bones:

  • Humerus
  • Radius 
  • Ulna
  • The elbow joint is a hinge joint.

Movements of the Elbow

  • Flexion and extension are movements about a coronal axis.